Numerical modelling for interpretation of stress measurements by overcoring

Abstract

The overcoring method for measuring in situ stresses is frequently used in rock engineering projects. Most models for its interpretation assume that the rock is homogeneous, linear elastic and isotropic. The elastic constants are determined by various methods, namely by biaxial tests on the recovered core. A three-dimensional finite element model was developed, which allows to compute the stress state from the strain measurements obtained during overcoring, assuming a transversely-isotropic behaviour of the rock mass. Different testing methodologies for elastic constants determination of anisotropic rocks are introduced and discussed. Several numerical tests were performed to analyse the influence of the weakness planes that sometimes occur in the rock core owing to the tensile strains that are generated during the biaxial test. To avoid the tensile strains in the biaxial test, a new triaxial testing procedure of the overcored rock sample with the cell was developed. The effect of the degree of rock anisotropy on in situ stress determination and the error involved in neglecting rock anisotropy are analysed. Differences on the principal stresses and principal directions calculated considering the usual isotropic model and the developed numerical model for a real case of anisotropic rock are presented.