Rock mechanics: a retrospective on its development and a perspective on the evolution of research and applications

Abstract

This article presents a speculative exercise aimed at anticipating future developments in rock mechanics, both in its application areas and in research. To frame this discussion within the historical evolution of the field, it seemed relevant to first provide a brief retrospective on the emergence of rock mechanics in the post-war years as a distinct discipline within geotechnical engineering, as well as on its key developments from then to the present. The article identifies application domains where significant advancements are expected, not only within traditional areas, such as civil, mining, and petroleum engineering, but also in areas that have gained importance over time, as well as in emerging application domains. Research in rock mechanics will face new challenges driven by society’s demand for safer, more cost-effective, and more sustainable solutions. It must also adapt to, and benefit from, the challenges presented by new applications, the rapid development of communication and digital technologies, and the expanding role of artificial intelligence.