Pilot-scale advanced wastewater treatment for direct potable reuse: achieving safe water for the beverage industry

Abstract

Potable reuse can provide a realistic and practical source of drinking water under severe water scarcity, uncertain/unreliable supply or emergency situations and pilot demonstration projects are essential for developing future guidelines and best practices. To demonstrate the safety and feasibility of direct potable reuse (DPR) in the beverage industry, a pilot-scale study was conducted at the Beirolas Water Resource Recovery Facility (WRRF) in Lisbon, Portugal, with tertiary treatment and sand filtration.